2007.006.074 Oral History Interview with Leah Hing and Frances M. Tong, Part 1
There were two interviews recorded on this tape. The interviews are with Leah Hing, the first Chinese American woman to earn a pilot license, and Frances M. Tong, sister of Hazel Ying Lee. The interview begins with Leah Hing discussing her flying career and her encounters with Hazel as acquaintances working in the same building. At the 8 minute mark, the interview with Frances M. Tong begins. Frances begins by recalling stories about her childhood growing up in the United States. A series of questions are asked about the personality of her sister, Hazel, and her career as a pilot in China, as well as her in the WASP (Women Airforce Service Pilots) program. Other topics include discrimination, immigration, and family names. These interviews are part of the Hazel Ying Lee & Frances M. Tong Collection and were conducted as part of the research and making of the documentary film, A Brief Flight: Hazel Ying Lee and the Women Who Flew Pursuit (2002), directed by Alan Rosenberg.

0:00 - Interview begins with Leah Hing, discusses her flying career and why she flew and enjoyed doing it, learning flying at an early age and taking lessons

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2:00 - Meeting Hazel for the first time, working together in Chinatown in the same building, Leah knew of Hazel but never flew together, recalls Hazel being a very jolly person and having a great sense of humor at parties

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3:57 - Dangers of flying in the 1930s and being the first Chinese American female pilot, her plane failures and forced landings, what it was like to be a female pilot in the 1930s, reaction and treatment from male pilots and non-Chinese pilots, family support of flying, Chinese support of Chinese female pilots

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7:01 - Last time she saw Hazel, questions related to her trip to China and death, her reaction to death of Hazel, the reaction of the Chinese community

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8:00 - Transition to Frances Tong interview about Hazel, question about birthday and age difference between the two siblings, personality and memories of Hazel when they were young, high school and graduating year, work after graduating and difficulties finding work as a Chinese American woman, uniform at work and being forced to wear a Chinese jacket and trousers

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10:40 - Job opportunities for Chinese American women in the late 1930s, childhood interests such as handball and driving, aversion to housework and cooking skills from family

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12:38 - Why Hazel began to fly, stories about Hazel flying, parents dislike but respect her decision to fly, intentions to fly and fight for China

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14:46 - Reunion with Hazel in Shanghai, Canton and Hong Kong, their experience there during the Japanese invasion, returning to the United States, Hazel personality and how she was able to hang out with the boys, parents accepted her free-spirited nature

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17:27 - Hazel encountering Germans in China who were in charge of helping to train the army, Hazel joins the WASPs (Women Airforce Service Pilots) and describes her enjoyment of the work to Frances, the last time Frances saw Hazel in early 1940s, death of Hazel as well as her brother two days later, finding a cemetery space for both her siblings, the difficulty of buying plots outside of those designated for Chinese

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20:30 - Instances of discrimination that she and her siblings experienced when they were children, her parents coming to the United States and their experiences dealing with immigration

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23:48 - Experience of father working on the railroad and then the restaurant business afterwards, what she misses about Hazel, how she feels about Hazel being described as a hero, how Hazel and the WASPs can be seen as role models for future generations

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26:00 - Addressing a misunderstanding regarding full name Hazel Ying Lee, the meaning of Hazel middle name Ying and how it follows a sequence within her family, her own middle name and its meaning, Hazel being a good handball player and a good pilot, clarification of the cemetery story

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